Pediatric Hearing Aid Solutions: Assessing the Impact of Microphone Directionality on Speech Perception

By Marwa Abdelfattah Attalla Madi, student of the Master in Clinical Audiology and Hearing Therapy

Abstract

Hearing loss in children presents significant challenges to their speech, language, and cognitive development. Early detection and intervention, including the use of pediatric hearing aids, are critical for improving communication outcomes. This study examines the impact of microphone directionality—specifically omnidirectional and directional microphones—on speech perception in children aged 5 to 12 years with mild to severe sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Using a within-subject design, 18 participants were fitted with hearing aids featuring both microphone configurations over a two-month period, with speech perception and sound localization assessed through the P.E.A.C.H. test.
The results reveal that directional microphones significantly enhance speech recognition in noisy environments by reducing background noise, making them ideal for structured settings like classrooms. Conversely, omnidirectional microphones provide better sound localization and environmental awareness, crucial for safety and incidental learning in dynamic or quiet environments. These findings emphasize the importance of a balanced approach to microphone configuration in pediatric hearing aids, suggesting that adaptive microphone technologies—capable of switching between modes based on the acoustic environment—may offer the best solution.
This study provides evidence-based recommendations for optimizing pediatric hearing aid technology to meet the diverse listening needs of children. It highlights the need for further longitudinal research to explore the long-term effects of microphone directionality on auditory development and cognitive growth. The findings also offer practical guidance for audiologists, advocating for personalized hearing aid fittings that consider both the severity of hearing loss and the environments in which the child typically communicates.

Keywords: Hearing Aid, Pediatric Audiology, Speech perception, P.E.A.C.H., Microphone Directionality. Hearing aid technology.

Download the full Research Work: Madi, M. (2024). Pediatric Hearing aid Solutions Assessing the Impact of Microphone directionality on Speech Perception. SAERA