{"id":20432,"date":"2025-04-14T10:26:20","date_gmt":"2025-04-14T09:26:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/?p=20432"},"modified":"2025-11-11T13:24:13","modified_gmt":"2025-11-11T13:24:13","slug":"understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2025\/04\/14\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\/","title":{"rendered":"Understanding Visual Skills in Children on the Autism Spectrum: A Critical Area of Development"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"20432\" class=\"elementor elementor-20432\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22220c29 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"22220c29\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3dc211b0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3dc211b0\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a21c5f3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1a21c5f3\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-313a7ac6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"313a7ac6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.22.0 - 26-06-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"page-title\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000066;\">Understanding Visual Skills in Children on the Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Critical Area of Development<\/span><\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2306aeea elementor-align-right elementor-widget elementor-widget-post-info\" data-id=\"2306aeea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"post-info.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/css\/widget-icon-list.min.css\"><link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/plugins\/pro-elements\/assets\/css\/widget-theme-elements.min.css?ver=1747297119\">\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-inline-items elementor-icon-list-items elementor-post-info\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-0d080fc elementor-inline-item\" itemprop=\"datePublished\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-calendar\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M12 192h424c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v260c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V204c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12zm436-44v-36c0-26.5-21.5-48-48-48h-48V12c0-6.6-5.4-12-12-12h-40c-6.6 0-12 5.4-12 12v52H160V12c0-6.6-5.4-12-12-12h-40c-6.6 0-12 5.4-12 12v52H48C21.5 64 0 85.5 0 112v36c0 6.6 5.4 12 12 12h424c6.6 0 12-5.4 12-12z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<time>14\/04\/2025<\/time>\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-e2c89b4 elementor-inline-item\" itemprop=\"about\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-tags\" viewBox=\"0 0 640 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M497.941 225.941L286.059 14.059A48 48 0 0 0 252.118 0H48C21.49 0 0 21.49 0 48v204.118a48 48 0 0 0 14.059 33.941l211.882 211.882c18.744 18.745 49.136 18.746 67.882 0l204.118-204.118c18.745-18.745 18.745-49.137 0-67.882zM112 160c-26.51 0-48-21.49-48-48s21.49-48 48-48 48 21.49 48 48-21.49 48-48 48zm513.941 133.823L421.823 497.941c-18.745 18.745-49.137 18.745-67.882 0l-.36-.36L527.64 323.522c16.999-16.999 26.36-39.6 26.36-63.64s-9.362-46.641-26.36-63.64L331.397 0h48.721a48 48 0 0 1 33.941 14.059l211.882 211.882c18.745 18.745 18.745 49.137 0 67.882z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-terms\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-info__terms-list\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/tag\/autism-spectrum-disorder\/\" class=\"elementor-post-info__terms-list-item\">Autism Spectrum Disorder<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/tag\/optometry\/\" class=\"elementor-post-info__terms-list-item\">Optometry<\/a>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2acde4cf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2acde4cf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><!-- wp:paragraph {\"align\":\"right\"} --><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u00a0By Savannah Smith, student of the\u00a0 Expert Certificate in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.saera.eu\/en\/optometry\/\">Vision Therapy<\/a><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<h2>Abstract<\/h2>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-231a19e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"231a19e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.saera.eu\/en\/applied-neuroscience-programmes\/\">neurodevelopmental<\/a> condition that significantly impacts social interactions, communication, and behaviour. But what about visual skills? <a href=\"https:\/\/www.saera.eu\/en\/optometry\/\">Visual skills<\/a> play a crucial role in how children with ASD process and interact with the world around them. Though often overlooked, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.saera.eu\/en\/optometry\/\">visual processing<\/a> is vital for tasks like reading, recognizing faces, and understanding one\u2019s environment. In fact, children on the autism spectrum can experience unique visual processing challenges that affect their everyday lives. In this blog post, we\u2019ll dive into the fascinating world of visual processing in children with ASD and explore clinical interventions that can help improve their visual skills.<\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-20434 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/1.-Savannah-Smith.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" srcset=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/1.-Savannah-Smith.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/1.-Savannah-Smith-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/1.-Savannah-Smith-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Visual Processing: What\u2019s the Big Deal?<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d392bb6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6d392bb6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Visual processing is how the brain interprets and makes sense of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.saera.eu\/en\/optometry\/\">visual stimuli<\/a>. According to Roberston and Baron-Cohen (2017), individuals with autism are described as \u201cseeing the trees, but not the forest\u201d. They will often show faster detection of single details enclosed within cluttered visual displays and have a relatively inattentiveness to the number of distractors in the display (Robertson &amp; Baron-Cohen, 2017).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">This indicates an over stimulation of their ventral stream. The information that goes through this pathway is responsible for processing of the detail in visual stimuli and long-term memory storage whereas the dorsal stream permits the processing of peripheral vision, location, spatial orientation and motion perception. Individuals with Autism often present with difficulties in visual processing as they utilise the ventral stream more than the dorsal stream.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In typically developing children, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.saera.eu\/en\/optometry\/\">visual processing skills<\/a> are essential for tasks such as reading, writing, recognizing faces, and understanding the environment. However, children on the autism spectrum often display unusual visual processing, which can manifest in several ways, including hypersensitivity to visual stimuli, difficulty with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.saera.eu\/en\/optometry\/\">visual attention<\/a>, and challenges in interpreting <a href=\"https:\/\/www.saera.eu\/en\/optometry\/\">visual cues<\/a>. Thus impacting their ability to engage in social situations or engage with their environment in an appropriate manner.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">One of the key differences in visual processing for children with ASD is their tendency toward restricted visual attention. Research by Keehn et al. (2013) suggests that children with autism may fixate on specific objects or features, often overlooking the bigger picture. This phenomenon, known as perceptual narrowing, can make it difficult for children to engage with a variety of visual stimuli in an integrated way. For example, while a typically developing child may quickly spot the whole group of people in a room, a child with autism may focus on a single object or person, making it harder to follow social cues.<\/p>\n<h2>The Impact on Social Skills and Learning<\/h2>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d9a1b52 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d9a1b52\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Individuals with ASD often display differences in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.saera.eu\/en\/optometry\/\">visual attention<\/a> and processing speed. For instance, a study by O&#8217;Hearn et al. (2010) demonstrated that children with ASD are more likely to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.saera.eu\/en\/optometry\/\">exhibit visual fixations<\/a> on objects rather than people, which can affect social development. Social interactions, which are typically guided by the ability to recognize facial expressions and gaze, are thus often disrupted. Additionally, children with ASD might struggle to integrate visual information from different sources, making it challenging to engage in complex tasks that require visual coordination. This will impact a child\u2019s ability to reach their developmental milestones as well as hinder their academic performance in school settings.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Further studies have explored the relationship between visual processing and sensory sensitivities in children with ASD. A study by Jones et al. (2009) found that children with ASD often experience heightened sensitivity to visual stimuli, such as bright lights or moving patterns. This hypersensitivity can lead to sensory overload and avoidance behaviours, which further disrupt their ability to engage with the environment in a meaningful way. Sensory processing difficulties are commonly reported with ASD individuals, and understanding the visual component of these challenges is critical for designing effective interventions to promote effective engagement within their environment and with others.<\/p>\n<h2>How Visual Skills Develop in Typical and ASD Children<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c592a32 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c592a32\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">One of the first visual skills that develop in infants and young children is visual tracking, the ability to follow moving objects with the eyes. This skill is foundational for later cognitive development, as it enables children to engage with the environment and focus their attention on important stimuli. However, children with ASD often show delays in visual tracking, which can hinder their ability to interact with others and understand their surroundings (Jones &amp; Klin, 2013).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Visual skills are fundamental to many aspects of paediatric development. In early childhood, the development of visual skills is crucial for motor coordination, cognitive development, and social interactions. For children on the autism spectrum, the development of these skills may be delayed or atypical, impacting various developmental milestones.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">As children grow, they develop the ability to discriminate between different visual stimuli. This skill is essential for tasks such as reading, identifying objects, and recognizing faces. In children with ASD, visual discrimination skills can be impaired, leading to difficulties in tasks that involve categorization, pattern recognition, and distinguishing between similar objects (Minshew &amp; Williams, 2007). This impairment may contribute to the difficulties that children with ASD experience in academic settings, as they may struggle to interpret visual information accurately.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Another important aspect of visual skills is depth perception, which is the ability to judge the distance between objects. Depth perception plays a role in activities such as walking, climbing, and playing sports. Children with ASD may have difficulties with depth perception, which can lead to challenges in physical coordination and spatial awareness (Minshew &amp; Williams, 2007). These issues may further hinder their ability to engage in social and recreational activities, which is often essential for overall development.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A more recent study by Little (2018) showed that in a group of 124 children with ASD, 9 percent had manifest strabismus, compared with 1.5 percent of controls. Strabismus is the misalignment of the eyes, causing one eye to deviate inward (esotropia) toward the nose, or outward (exotropia), while the other eye remains focused. It has previously been reported in the literature that exotropia is more common than esotropia in children with neurological or developmental disorders. Accommodative function was also assessed within this study and found that out of 124 children with ASD, 17.4 percent of children with ASD had a significant accommodative lag compared to a 4.9 percent of the controlled group. Accommodation is the eye\u2019s ability to adjust focus on objects that are near or far. This will hinder their academic performance and engagement in class as they will experience visual fatigue rapidly and difficulty looking at the board in the classroom.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Convergence is the ability of the extraocular muscles to exhibit appropriate vergence movements as a near target advances in proximity toward the person. The near point of convergence is a measure of the limit of this, and is a useful clinical measurement of oculo-motor control. Little (2018) reported a significantly distant near point of convergence in their ASD group, and found there was a significant association between near point of convergence and low- and high-functioning ASD. This will have a major impact reading and learning skills.<\/p>\n<h2>Clinical Interventions and Strategies for Enhancing Visual Skills<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-727dbfe4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"727dbfe4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">One of the most commonly used therapeutic approaches is Visual Therapy, which involves exercises designed to improve visual processing, tracking and improving visual skills as well as working on visual perceptual skills like visual discrimination and depth perception. Visual Therapy programs, which are typically used for children with learning disabilities, have been adapted for children with ASD to help improve eye movement control, visual attention, and visual-motor integration (Ginsburg et al., 2005).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Yoked prisms can be incorporated to train visual motor integration. Prism actively engages the attention of a patient by presenting a mismatch between the visual pathway and vestibular-proprioceptive pathways. The patient must attend to these different sensory inputs and make adjustments to accomplish the activities. This will not only improve their visual motor integration but also assist with Visual Processing difficulties. Initial responses by autistic children to yoked prisms therapy showed remarkable improvements in the posture, body orientation and visual motor task performance (Au &amp; Coulter, 2014).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Another promising intervention is the use of Sensory Integration Therapy, which aims to help children with sensory sensitivities by providing controlled exposure to sensory stimuli in a structured manner. Occupational therapists use sensory integration techniques to address hypersensitivities and help children gradually adapt to challenging visual stimuli, such as bright lights or fast-moving objects. The goal is to reduce sensory overload and help children process visual information more effectively (Miller et al., 2007).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">An additional support for ASD individuals could be colour overlays while reading. Colour overlays are transparent coloured plastic sheets that can be placed over printed texts without interfering with their clarity. The Wilkins Rate of Reading Test was administered with and without Intuitive Coloured Overlays to 19 children with autistic spectrum disorders and to the same number of controls individually matched for age and intelligence. Findings showed that 15 out of 19 (79%) children with autism showed an improvement of at least 5% in reading speed when using a coloured overlay. In contrast only 3 of 19 (16%) control group children showed such an improvement. The findings suggest that coloured overlays may provide a useful support for reading for children with autism (Ludlow et al., 2006).<\/p>\n<h2>The Road Ahead<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-58f97e6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"58f97e6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The study of visual skills in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder is an often overlooked yet critical area of research. As we\u2019ve seen, visual processing difficulties can significantly impact various aspects of development, including social interactions, academic performance, and everyday functioning. However, the field of clinical intervention is growing, and there are several promising strategies to support children with ASD in developing their visual skills.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">By focusing on these areas, clinicians, educators, and caregivers can help children with autism better engage with their environment and improve their quality of life. While challenges remain, the ongoing research and development of targeted interventions offer hope for a brighter future for children on the autism spectrum.<\/p>\n<h2>Final Thoughts<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-616391d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"616391d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Understanding visual processing in children with ASD is a key step toward providing better, more tailored support for their development. By addressing visual processing difficulties early on, we can help these children navigate the world around them more effectively, fostering greater independence, social connections, and academic success.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">If you\u2019re a parent, teacher, or clinician working with children on the autism spectrum, consider exploring the interventions discussed in this post. Early intervention is crucial, and each child\u2019s needs may vary, but there is always hope for improvement with the right support in place.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:shortcode --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:shortcode --><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6883d281 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"6883d281\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.22.0 - 26-06-2024 *\/\n.elementor-toggle{text-align:start}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title{font-weight:700;line-height:1;margin:0;padding:15px;border-bottom:1px solid #d5d8dc;cursor:pointer;outline:none}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon{display:inline-block;width:1em}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon svg{margin-inline-start:-5px;width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon.elementor-toggle-icon-right{float:right;text-align:right}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon.elementor-toggle-icon-left{float:left;text-align:left}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon .elementor-toggle-icon-closed{display:block}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon .elementor-toggle-icon-opened{display:none}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title.elementor-active{border-bottom:none}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title.elementor-active .elementor-toggle-icon-closed{display:none}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title.elementor-active .elementor-toggle-icon-opened{display:block}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-content{padding:15px;border-bottom:1px solid #d5d8dc;display:none}@media (max-width:767px){.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title{padding:12px}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-content{padding:12px 10px}}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-toggle,.e-con>.elementor-widget-toggle{width:var(--container-widget-width);--flex-grow:var(--container-widget-flex-grow)}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1751\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1751\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-right\" viewBox=\"0 0 192 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M0 384.662V127.338c0-17.818 21.543-26.741 34.142-14.142l128.662 128.662c7.81 7.81 7.81 20.474 0 28.284L34.142 398.804C21.543 411.404 0 402.48 0 384.662z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M288.662 352H31.338c-17.818 0-26.741-21.543-14.142-34.142l128.662-128.662c7.81-7.81 20.474-7.81 28.284 0l128.662 128.662c12.6 12.599 3.676 34.142-14.142 34.142z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">References<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1751\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1751\"><p>Au, M., &amp; Coulter, R. A. (2014). Optometry and Visual Performance. Vision Therapy for the Autistic Patient: A Literature Review and Case Report, 2(5), 485\u2013496. https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/www.oepf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/OVP2-5.pdf#page=73<\/p><p>Delano, M. E. (2007). Using video modeling to teach appropriate social interaction skills to children with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 9(2), 85-93. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10983007070090020101<\/p><p>Ginsburg, D. W., McAuliffe, S., &amp; Denny, T. R. (2005). Effectiveness of vision therapy for children with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 35(3), 349-362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10803-005-5044-z<\/p><p>Jones, W., Carr, K., &amp; Klin, A. (2009). Absence of gaze fixation to the eyes of others in 2-6 month old infants with autism. Biological Psychiatry, 65(11), 988-994. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.12.020<\/p><p>Keehn, B., M\u00fcller, R. A., &amp; Townsend, J. (2013). Attention to eyes is reflected in the event related potential of typically developing children and children with autism. Biological Psychology, 94(1), 29-37. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopsycho.203.03.009<\/p><p>Little , J. A. (2018). Vision in children with autism spectrum disorder: a critical review. Clinical and Experimental Optometry, 101, 504\u2013513.<\/p><p>Ludlow, A. K., Wilkins, A. J., &amp; Heaton, P. (2006). Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. The Effect of Coloured Overlays on Reading Ability in Children with Autism, 36, 507\u2013516.<\/p><p>Miller, L. J., Anzalone, M. E., Lane, S. J., Cermak, S. A., &amp; Osten, E. T. (2007). Concept evolution in sensory integration: A proposed model for service delivery. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 61(3), 243-251. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5014\/ajot.61.3.243<\/p><p>Minshew, N. J., &amp; Williams, D. L. (2007). The new neurobiology of autism. Current Opinion in Neurology, 20(2), 119-123. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/WCO.0b013e3280411c3f<\/p><p>O&#8217;Hearn, K., Honomichl, R., &amp; Minshew, N. J. (2010). An investigation of visual attention in children with autism spectrum disorder using eye-tracking. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40(9), 1053-1063.<\/p><p>Robertson, C. E., &amp; Baron-Cohen, S. (2017). Sensory perception in autism. Nature Reviews | Neuroscience, 18(11), 671\u2013681. https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/320085064_Sensory_perception_in_autism<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-198fc3e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"198fc3e\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c7caf59 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"5c7caf59\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.22.0 - 26-06-2024 *\/\n.elementor-column .elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--spacer-size)}.e-con{--container-widget-width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer{width:var(--container-widget-width,var(--spacer-size));--align-self:var(--container-widget-align-self,initial);--flex-shrink:0}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container{height:100%;width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer{height:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--container-widget-height,var(--spacer-size))}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty{position:relative;min-height:22px;min-width:22px}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty .elementor-widget-empty-icon,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty .elementor-widget-empty-icon{position:absolute;top:0;bottom:0;left:0;right:0;margin:auto;padding:0;width:22px;height:22px}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-764e2b30 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wp-widget-text\" data-id=\"764e2b30\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wp-widget-text.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h5>Check our educational programmes:<\/h5>\t\t\t<div class=\"textwidget\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55d2d997 e-grid e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"55d2d997\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71266c80 elementor-position-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"71266c80\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.22.0 - 26-06-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image-box .elementor-image-box-content{width:100%}@media (min-width:768px){.elementor-widget-image-box.elementor-position-left .elementor-image-box-wrapper,.elementor-widget-image-box.elementor-position-right .elementor-image-box-wrapper{display:flex}.elementor-widget-image-box.elementor-position-right .elementor-image-box-wrapper{text-align:end;flex-direction:row-reverse}.elementor-widget-image-box.elementor-position-left .elementor-image-box-wrapper{text-align:start;flex-direction:row}.elementor-widget-image-box.elementor-position-top .elementor-image-box-img{margin:auto}.elementor-widget-image-box.elementor-vertical-align-top .elementor-image-box-wrapper{align-items:flex-start}.elementor-widget-image-box.elementor-vertical-align-middle .elementor-image-box-wrapper{align-items:center}.elementor-widget-image-box.elementor-vertical-align-bottom .elementor-image-box-wrapper{align-items:flex-end}}@media (max-width:767px){.elementor-widget-image-box .elementor-image-box-img{margin-left:auto!important;margin-right:auto!important;margin-bottom:15px}}.elementor-widget-image-box .elementor-image-box-img{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image-box .elementor-image-box-title a{color:inherit}.elementor-widget-image-box .elementor-image-box-wrapper{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image-box .elementor-image-box-description{margin:0}<\/style><div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><figure class=\"elementor-image-box-img\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.saera.eu\/en\/audiology\/\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/oreja_cuadrado-1-1-300x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-14634\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/oreja_cuadrado-1-1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/oreja_cuadrado-1-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/oreja_cuadrado-1-1-120x120.jpg 120w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/oreja_cuadrado-1-1-220x220.jpg 220w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/oreja_cuadrado-1-1-390x390.jpg 390w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/oreja_cuadrado-1-1.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><h4 class=\"elementor-image-box-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.saera.eu\/en\/audiology\/\">Audiology<\/a><\/h4><\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c39601 elementor-position-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"4c39601\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><figure class=\"elementor-image-box-img\"><a href=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/optometry\/\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/ojo_cuadrado-1-1-300x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-14637\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/ojo_cuadrado-1-1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/ojo_cuadrado-1-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/ojo_cuadrado-1-1-120x120.jpg 120w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/ojo_cuadrado-1-1-220x220.jpg 220w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/ojo_cuadrado-1-1-390x390.jpg 390w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/ojo_cuadrado-1-1.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><h4 class=\"elementor-image-box-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/optometry\/\">Optometry<\/a><\/h4><\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28793f8b elementor-position-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"28793f8b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><figure class=\"elementor-image-box-img\"><a href=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/applied-neuroscience-programmes\/\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/cerebro_cuadrado-1-1-300x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-14636\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/cerebro_cuadrado-1-1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/cerebro_cuadrado-1-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/cerebro_cuadrado-1-1-120x120.jpg 120w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/cerebro_cuadrado-1-1-220x220.jpg 220w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/cerebro_cuadrado-1-1-390x390.jpg 390w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/cerebro_cuadrado-1-1.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><h4 class=\"elementor-image-box-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/applied-neuroscience-programmes\/\">Neuroscience<\/a><\/h4><\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f96de4f elementor-position-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"7f96de4f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><figure class=\"elementor-image-box-img\"><a href=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/speech-and-language-therapy-programmes\/\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Fonoaudiologia-1-1-300x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-14635\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Fonoaudiologia-1-1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Fonoaudiologia-1-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Fonoaudiologia-1-1-120x120.jpg 120w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Fonoaudiologia-1-1-220x220.jpg 220w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Fonoaudiologia-1-1-390x390.jpg 390w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Fonoaudiologia-1-1.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><h4 class=\"elementor-image-box-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/speech-and-language-therapy-programmes\/\">Speech-Language Pathology<\/a><\/h4><\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72ebba0c elementor-widget elementor-widget-wp-widget-text\" data-id=\"72ebba0c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wp-widget-text.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h5>Search:<\/h5>\t\t\t<div class=\"textwidget\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17c8bc9e elementor-widget elementor-widget-wp-widget-search\" data-id=\"17c8bc9e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wp-widget-search.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<form role=\"search\" class=\"bs-search search-form\" method=\"get\" action=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/\">\n    <div class=\"search-wrap\">\n    \t<label class=\"screen-reader-text\">\n    \t\tSearch for:    \t<\/label>\n        <input type=\"search\" placeholder=\"Searching...\" name=\"s\" class=\"search-input\" value=\"\" \/>\n        <button type=\"submit\"  value=\"Search\"><i class=\"flaticon-search\"><\/i><\/button>\n    <\/div>\n<\/form>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38a61b0c elementor-widget elementor-widget-wp-widget-text\" data-id=\"38a61b0c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wp-widget-text.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h5>Latest Posts<\/h5>\t\t\t<div class=\"textwidget\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f5aaf97 elementor-widget elementor-widget-rsblog\" data-id=\"1f5aaf97\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"rsblog.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t         \r\n\t\t<div class=\"rs-blog-grid rs-blog-grid2\">            \r\n\t\t\t\r\n            <div class=\"row blog-gird-item\">\r\n                \r\n\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-item col-lg-12  filter_audiology filter_blog filter_masters-thesis \">\r\n\r\n                                                    <div class=\"no-gutter blog-item rs-blog-grid1\">\r\n                                                           \r\n                                <div class=\"image-part\">\r\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2026\/03\/17\/speech-in-noise-testing-in-arabic-a-literature-review-and-clinical-implications-for-lebanese-arabic\/\">\r\n                                        <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Mar-17-2026-10_09_50-AM.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Mar-17-2026-10_09_50-AM.png 1536w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Mar-17-2026-10_09_50-AM-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Mar-17-2026-10_09_50-AM-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Mar-17-2026-10_09_50-AM-768x512.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/>                                    <\/a> \r\n                                <\/div>                             \r\n                                \r\n                                <div class=\"blog-content\">                                    \r\n                                                                               <ul class=\"blog-meta\">\r\n                                                                                                                                            <li><i class=\"fa fa-calendar-check-o\"><\/i> 17 March 2026<\/li>\r\n                                                                                                                                                                                <\/ul>\r\n                                                                                \r\n                                        <h3 class=\"title dd\"><a href=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2026\/03\/17\/speech-in-noise-testing-in-arabic-a-literature-review-and-clinical-implications-for-lebanese-arabic\/\">Speech-in-Noise Testing in Arabic: A Literature Review and Clinical Implications for Lebanese Arabic<\/a><\/h3>\r\n                                                                                <div class=\"btn-btm d-flex align-items-center justify-content-between\">\r\n                                                                                                                                        <div class=\"btn-part\">\r\n                                                    <a class=\"readon-arrow\" href=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2026\/03\/17\/speech-in-noise-testing-in-arabic-a-literature-review-and-clinical-implications-for-lebanese-arabic\/\">\r\n                                                        Read More <i class=\"fa fa fa-angle-right\"><\/i>\r\n                                                    <\/a>\r\n                                                <\/div>\r\n                                                                                    <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                <\/div>                                \r\n                            \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                                                    \r\n                    <\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-item col-lg-12  filter_audiology filter_blog filter_masters-thesis \">\r\n\r\n                                                    <div class=\"no-gutter blog-item rs-blog-grid1\">\r\n                                                           \r\n                                <div class=\"image-part\">\r\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2026\/03\/05\/tinnitus-management-and-rehabilitation\/\">\r\n                                        <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Rajeev-S.-2026.-Tinnitus-Management-and-Rehabilation.-SAERA.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Rajeev-S.-2026.-Tinnitus-Management-and-Rehabilation.-SAERA.png 1536w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Rajeev-S.-2026.-Tinnitus-Management-and-Rehabilation.-SAERA-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Rajeev-S.-2026.-Tinnitus-Management-and-Rehabilation.-SAERA-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Rajeev-S.-2026.-Tinnitus-Management-and-Rehabilation.-SAERA-768x512.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/>                                    <\/a> \r\n                                <\/div>                             \r\n                                \r\n                                <div class=\"blog-content\">                                    \r\n                                                                               <ul class=\"blog-meta\">\r\n                                                                                                                                            <li><i class=\"fa fa-calendar-check-o\"><\/i> 5 March 2026<\/li>\r\n                                                                                                                                                                                <\/ul>\r\n                                                                                \r\n                                        <h3 class=\"title dd\"><a href=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2026\/03\/05\/tinnitus-management-and-rehabilitation\/\">Tinnitus Management and Rehabilitation: The Efficiency of Tinnitus Masker and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Patients with Normal Hearing and Mild to Moderate Hearing Loss<\/a><\/h3>\r\n                                                                                <div class=\"btn-btm d-flex align-items-center justify-content-between\">\r\n                                                                                                                                        <div class=\"btn-part\">\r\n                                                    <a class=\"readon-arrow\" href=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2026\/03\/05\/tinnitus-management-and-rehabilitation\/\">\r\n                                                        Read More <i class=\"fa fa fa-angle-right\"><\/i>\r\n                                                    <\/a>\r\n                                                <\/div>\r\n                                                                                    <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                <\/div>                                \r\n                            \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                                                    \r\n                    <\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-item col-lg-12  filter_audiology filter_blog filter_masters-thesis \">\r\n\r\n                                                    <div class=\"no-gutter blog-item rs-blog-grid1\">\r\n                                                           \r\n                                <div class=\"image-part\">\r\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2026\/02\/17\/comparative-sound-processing-strategies-in-cochlear-implants\/\">\r\n                                        <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Khalil-E.-M.-2026.-Comparative-Sound-Processing-Strategies-in-Cochlear-Implants-Cochlear-ACE-MED-EL-FS4-and-Advanced-Bionics-HiResOptima.-SAERA.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Khalil-E.-M.-2026.-Comparative-Sound-Processing-Strategies-in-Cochlear-Implants-Cochlear-ACE-MED-EL-FS4-and-Advanced-Bionics-HiResOptima.-SAERA.png 1536w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Khalil-E.-M.-2026.-Comparative-Sound-Processing-Strategies-in-Cochlear-Implants-Cochlear-ACE-MED-EL-FS4-and-Advanced-Bionics-HiResOptima.-SAERA-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Khalil-E.-M.-2026.-Comparative-Sound-Processing-Strategies-in-Cochlear-Implants-Cochlear-ACE-MED-EL-FS4-and-Advanced-Bionics-HiResOptima.-SAERA-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Khalil-E.-M.-2026.-Comparative-Sound-Processing-Strategies-in-Cochlear-Implants-Cochlear-ACE-MED-EL-FS4-and-Advanced-Bionics-HiResOptima.-SAERA-768x512.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/>                                    <\/a> \r\n                                <\/div>                             \r\n                                \r\n                                <div class=\"blog-content\">                                    \r\n                                                                               <ul class=\"blog-meta\">\r\n                                                                                                                                            <li><i class=\"fa fa-calendar-check-o\"><\/i> 17 February 2026<\/li>\r\n                                                                                                                                                                                <\/ul>\r\n                                                                                \r\n                                        <h3 class=\"title dd\"><a href=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2026\/02\/17\/comparative-sound-processing-strategies-in-cochlear-implants\/\">Comparative Sound-Processing Strategies in Cochlear Implants: Cochlear (ACE), MED-EL (FS4), and Advanced Bionics (HiRes\/Optima)<\/a><\/h3>\r\n                                                                                <div class=\"btn-btm d-flex align-items-center justify-content-between\">\r\n                                                                                                                                        <div class=\"btn-part\">\r\n                                                    <a class=\"readon-arrow\" href=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2026\/02\/17\/comparative-sound-processing-strategies-in-cochlear-implants\/\">\r\n                                                        Read More <i class=\"fa fa fa-angle-right\"><\/i>\r\n                                                    <\/a>\r\n                                                <\/div>\r\n                                                                                    <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                <\/div>                                \r\n                            \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                                                    \r\n                    <\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-item col-lg-12  filter_collaborations \">\r\n\r\n                                                    <div class=\"no-gutter blog-item rs-blog-grid1\">\r\n                                                           \r\n                                <div class=\"image-part\">\r\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2026\/02\/11\/saera-contributes-standardised-assessment-tools-to-ricpp-testing-laboratory\/\">\r\n                                        <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"685\" src=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-02-11-at-11.45.17-e1770815562912.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-02-11-at-11.45.17-e1770815562912.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-02-11-at-11.45.17-e1770815562912-300x171.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-02-11-at-11.45.17-e1770815562912-1024x585.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-02-11-at-11.45.17-e1770815562912-768x438.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/>                                    <\/a> \r\n                                <\/div>                             \r\n                                \r\n                                <div class=\"blog-content\">                                    \r\n                                                                               <ul class=\"blog-meta\">\r\n                                                                                                                                            <li><i class=\"fa fa-calendar-check-o\"><\/i> 11 February 2026<\/li>\r\n                                                                                                                                                                                <\/ul>\r\n                                                                                \r\n                                        <h3 class=\"title dd\"><a href=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2026\/02\/11\/saera-contributes-standardised-assessment-tools-to-ricpp-testing-laboratory\/\">SAERA Contributes Standardised Assessment Tools to RICPP Testing Laboratory<\/a><\/h3>\r\n                                                                                <div class=\"btn-btm d-flex align-items-center justify-content-between\">\r\n                                                                                                                                        <div class=\"btn-part\">\r\n                                                    <a class=\"readon-arrow\" href=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2026\/02\/11\/saera-contributes-standardised-assessment-tools-to-ricpp-testing-laboratory\/\">\r\n                                                        Read More <i class=\"fa fa fa-angle-right\"><\/i>\r\n                                                    <\/a>\r\n                                                <\/div>\r\n                                                                                    <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                <\/div>                                \r\n                            \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                                                    \r\n                    <\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t                 \r\n                         \r\n                <\/div>   \r\n                               \r\n            \t    \r\n                              \r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t   \t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Understanding Visual Skills in Children on the Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Critical Area of Development \u00a0By Savannah Smith, student of the\u00a0 Expert Certificate in Vision Therapy Abstract Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that significantly impacts social interactions, communication, and behaviour. But what about visual skills? Visual skills play a crucial role in&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":20434,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[91,176,93],"tags":[182,97],"class_list":["post-20432","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","category-blog","category-optometry","tag-autism-spectrum-disorder","tag-optometry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Understanding Visual Skills in Children on the Autism Spectrum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This Article explore the Visual Processing in Children with ASD.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2025\/04\/14\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Understanding Visual Skills in Children on the Autism Spectrum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"This Article explore the Visual Processing in Children with ASD.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2025\/04\/14\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Saera EN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-04-14T09:26:20+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-11-11T13:24:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/1.-Savannah-Smith.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"768\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"saeraadmin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"saeraadmin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"25 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/saera.eu\\\/en\\\/2025\\\/04\\\/14\\\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/saera.eu\\\/en\\\/2025\\\/04\\\/14\\\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"saeraadmin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/saera.eu\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/a3f658cb3375ae001b6cc35150e9bc9d\"},\"headline\":\"Understanding Visual Skills in Children on the Autism Spectrum: A Critical Area of Development\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-04-14T09:26:20+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-11-11T13:24:13+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/saera.eu\\\/en\\\/2025\\\/04\\\/14\\\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":2144,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/saera.eu\\\/en\\\/2025\\\/04\\\/14\\\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/saera.eu\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/04\\\/1.-Savannah-Smith.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Autism Spectrum Disorder\",\"Optometry\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Articles\",\"Blog\",\"Optometry\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/saera.eu\\\/en\\\/2025\\\/04\\\/14\\\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/saera.eu\\\/en\\\/2025\\\/04\\\/14\\\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\\\/\",\"name\":\"Understanding Visual Skills in Children on the Autism Spectrum\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/saera.eu\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/saera.eu\\\/en\\\/2025\\\/04\\\/14\\\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/saera.eu\\\/en\\\/2025\\\/04\\\/14\\\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/saera.eu\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/04\\\/1.-Savannah-Smith.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-04-14T09:26:20+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-11-11T13:24:13+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/saera.eu\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/a3f658cb3375ae001b6cc35150e9bc9d\"},\"description\":\"This Article explore the Visual Processing in Children with ASD.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/saera.eu\\\/en\\\/2025\\\/04\\\/14\\\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/saera.eu\\\/en\\\/2025\\\/04\\\/14\\\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/saera.eu\\\/en\\\/2025\\\/04\\\/14\\\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/saera.eu\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/04\\\/1.-Savannah-Smith.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/saera.eu\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/04\\\/1.-Savannah-Smith.jpg\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":768},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/saera.eu\\\/en\\\/2025\\\/04\\\/14\\\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/saera.eu\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Understanding Visual Skills in Children on the Autism Spectrum: A Critical Area of Development\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/saera.eu\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/saera.eu\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"Saera EN\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/saera.eu\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/saera.eu\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/a3f658cb3375ae001b6cc35150e9bc9d\",\"name\":\"saeraadmin\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/saera.eu\\\/en\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/saera.eu\\\/en\\\/author\\\/saeraadmin\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Understanding Visual Skills in Children on the Autism Spectrum","description":"This Article explore the Visual Processing in Children with ASD.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2025\/04\/14\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\/","og_locale":"en_GB","og_type":"article","og_title":"Understanding Visual Skills in Children on the Autism Spectrum","og_description":"This Article explore the Visual Processing in Children with ASD.","og_url":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2025\/04\/14\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\/","og_site_name":"Saera EN","article_published_time":"2025-04-14T09:26:20+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-11-11T13:24:13+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":768,"url":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/1.-Savannah-Smith.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"saeraadmin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"saeraadmin","Estimated reading time":"25 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2025\/04\/14\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2025\/04\/14\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\/"},"author":{"name":"saeraadmin","@id":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/a3f658cb3375ae001b6cc35150e9bc9d"},"headline":"Understanding Visual Skills in Children on the Autism Spectrum: A Critical Area of Development","datePublished":"2025-04-14T09:26:20+00:00","dateModified":"2025-11-11T13:24:13+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2025\/04\/14\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\/"},"wordCount":2144,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2025\/04\/14\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/1.-Savannah-Smith.jpg","keywords":["Autism Spectrum Disorder","Optometry"],"articleSection":["Articles","Blog","Optometry"],"inLanguage":"en-GB"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2025\/04\/14\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\/","url":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2025\/04\/14\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\/","name":"Understanding Visual Skills in Children on the Autism Spectrum","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2025\/04\/14\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2025\/04\/14\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/1.-Savannah-Smith.jpg","datePublished":"2025-04-14T09:26:20+00:00","dateModified":"2025-11-11T13:24:13+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/a3f658cb3375ae001b6cc35150e9bc9d"},"description":"This Article explore the Visual Processing in Children with ASD.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2025\/04\/14\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2025\/04\/14\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2025\/04\/14\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/1.-Savannah-Smith.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/1.-Savannah-Smith.jpg","width":1024,"height":768},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/2025\/04\/14\/understanding-visual-skills-in-children-on-the-autism-spectrum-a-critical-area-of-development\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Understanding Visual Skills in Children on the Autism Spectrum: A Critical Area of Development"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/","name":"Saera EN","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-GB"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/a3f658cb3375ae001b6cc35150e9bc9d","name":"saeraadmin","sameAs":["https:\/\/saera.eu\/en"],"url":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/author\/saeraadmin\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20432","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20432"}],"version-history":[{"count":22,"href":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20432\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22276,"href":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20432\/revisions\/22276"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20434"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20432"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20432"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saera.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20432"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}